As November comes to a close, many men are reaching the end of the online challenge known as “No Nut November.” The idea is simple: no masturbation or ejaculation for 30 days. The tradition first appeared in 2011 and has grown each year, often surrounded by claims about possible health benefits.

Supporters suggest the month-long break can boost testosterone, improve fertility, and increase semen volume. But because the trend is relatively new—and a little unusual—scientific research on the topic is limited. Urologist and sexual health specialist Dr. Rena Malik recently explained what actually happens to the body during a month of abstinence.

According to Dr. Malik, only two small studies have explored testosterone levels during periods without ejaculation. One showed a rise after about three weeks. However, she noted an important detail: the men knew they were allowed to masturbate at the end of the study. This means the hormone spike was likely due to anticipation rather than any real biological benefit. Even if testosterone does rise briefly, the effect is short-lived.

When it comes to fertility, Dr. Malik says the claims are even less accurate. Research shows that semen quality begins to decline when men abstain for more than five to seven days. After that point, sperm may have more DNA damage and reduced movement, which can make conception harder—not easier.

Semen volume may increase slightly with abstinence, but prolonged avoidance often leads to more frequent wet dreams, which is the body’s natural way of releasing built-up pressure.

Dr. Malik adds that the challenge may still be helpful for men trying to break a pornography habit. In those cases, taking a month off can support healthier routines and reduce compulsive behavior.