Researchers are warning that two animal viruses could pose a serious public health risk if they adapt to infect humans. Experts say both viruses have traits that could allow them to cause large outbreaks or even pandemics if they begin spreading from person to person.
The first virus is influenza D, which mainly infects cattle. The second is canine coronavirus, which spreads easily among dogs. Neither virus is currently widespread in humans, but both are known to change over time and spread quickly in animals.
Scientists are concerned because these viruses are not closely monitored. This means dangerous mutations could occur without being detected. If either virus learns to spread easily between people, most of the population would have little or no immunity.
The warning was published in a paper supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A researcher from the University of Florida involved in the study said there has been limited effort to prevent or prepare for these risks.
Studies have already found signs of influenza D exposure in people who work closely with cattle. Canine coronavirus has also been detected in a small number of patients in different countries, showing it can infect humans.
Researchers say better monitoring, improved testing, and early vaccine research are needed. Without these steps, they warn the viruses could quietly evolve into a major threat to public health.